• Moeko Noguchi-Shinohara, Junji Komatsu, Miharu Samuraki, Ichiro Matsunari, Tokuhei Ikeda, Kenji Sakai, Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi, Kenjiro Ono, Hiroyuki Nakamura, and Masahito Yamada.
• Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan.
• J. Alzheimers Dis. 2017 Jan 1; 55 (3): 905-913.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) commonly accompanies cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).ObjectiveWe aimed to reveal associations between CAA-related brain microbleeds and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers in AD patients.MethodsPatients with probable AD (n = 88) from consecutive patients in our memory clinic were evaluated for patient demographics, vascular risk factors, neuropsychological tests, apolipoprotein E phenotype, MRI including T2*-weighted image and fluid attenuated inversion recovery sequence, and CSF amyloid and tau markers.ResultsThe 88 patients with AD included 15 with microbleeds only in cortical/subcortical regions (cortical microbleeds) that could be CAA-related, 16 with microbleeds only in deep locations (deep microbleeds), 3 with microbleeds in both cortical and deep locations (mixed microbleeds), and 54 without microbleeds. The CSF levels of amyloid β-protein 1-40 (Aβ40) and amyloid β-protein 1-42 (Aβ42) were significantly lower in patients with cortical microbleeds than in those without microbleeds (p = 0.001 and p = 0.027, respectively). The result remained unchanged after adjustment for age, sex, apolipoprotein E E4 presence, and leukoaraiosis.ConclusionsCAA-related cortical microbleeds would be associated with lower CSF levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in AD, reflecting the deposition of both Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the cerebrovasculature.

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