• Ma Luo, Ling Zhang, Xin Hua Jiang, and Wei Dong Zhang.
• Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. zhangwd@sysucc.org.cn.
• Diagn Interv Radiol. 2017 Jul 1; 23 (4): 263-271.

PurposeWe aimed to explore whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-related parameters of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) demonstrate differences that could be used to differentiate and improve diagnostic efficiency.MethodsA total of 27 patients, including 22 with HCC and 5 with FNH, underwent liver 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging for routine sequences. They were concurrently examined by IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scanning with 11 different b values (0-800 s/mm2). IVIM-derived parameters, such as pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCtotal), were quantified automatically by post-processing software and compared between HCC and FNH groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was then created to predict their diagnostic value.ResultsD* was weak in terms of reproducibility among the other parameters. ADCtotal, D, and D* were significantly lower in the HCC group than in the FNH group, while f did not show a significant difference. ADCtotal and D had the largest area under the curve values (AUC; 0.915 and 0.897, respectively) and similarly high efficacy to differentiate the two conditions.ConclusionIVIM provides a new modality to differentiate the HCC and FNH. ADCtotal and D demonstrated outstanding and comparable diagnosing utility.

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