• S Van Binnebeek, B Vanbilloen, K Baete, C Terwinghe, M Koole, F M Mottaghy, P M Clement, L Mortelmans, K Bogaerts, K Haustermans, K Nackaerts, E Van Cutsem, C Verslype, A Verbruggen, and C M Deroose.
• Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
• Eur Radiol. 2016 Mar 1; 26 (3): 900-9.

ObjectivesTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of (111)In-pentetreotide-scintigraphy with (68)Ga-DOTATOC-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with metastatic-neuroendocrine tumour (NET) scheduled for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Incremental lesions (ILs) were defined as lesions observed on only one modality.MethodsFifty-three metastatic-NET-patients underwent (111)In-pentetreotide-scintigraphy (24 h post-injection; planar+single-photon emission CT (SPECT) abdomen) and whole-body (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT. SPECT and PET were compared in a lesion-by-lesion and organ-by-organ analysis, determining the total lesions and ILs for both modalities.ResultsSignificantly more lesions were detected on (68)Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT versus (111)In-pentetreotide-scintigraphy. More specifically, we observed 1,098 lesions on PET/CT (range: 1-105; median: 15) versus 660 on SPECT (range: 0-73, median: 9) (p<0.0001), with 439 PET-ILs (42/53 patients) and one SPECT-IL (1/53 patients). The sensitivity for PET/CT was 99.9 % (95 % CI, 99.3-100.0), for SPECT 60.0 % (95 % CI, 48.5-70.2). The organ-by-organ analysis showed that the PET-ILs were most frequently visualized in liver and skeleton.ConclusionGa-DOTATOC-PET/CT is superior for the detection of NET-metastases compared to (111)In-pentetreotide SPECT.Key PointsSomatostatin receptor PET is superior to SPECT in detecting NET metastases. PET is the scintigraphic method for accurate depiction of NET tumour burden. The sensitivity of PET is twofold higher than the sensitivity of SPECT.

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