• Maoquan Li, Chenhui Lu, Jie Cheng, Jiaxing Zhang, Chuanwu Cao, Jiahua Xu, Jichong Xu, Hui Pan, Baoliang Zhong, Steven Tucker, and Daoyuan Wang.
• Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai 10th People Hospital, Medical School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China. drmaoquan.li@gmail.com
• J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2009 Aug 1; 24 (8): 1437-44.

Background And AimsThe present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment would reduce or postpone the recurrence rate and improve the overall survival rate in patients after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods216 patients with unresectable HBV-related HCC were randomized into a TACE group and a TACE-IFN group, each group had 108 patients. In the TACE-IFN group, patients received IFN-alpha1b at a dose of 3 million units (mu) three times a week by intramuscular injection one week after/before TACE treatment, for 48 weeks.ResultsThe median disease-free survival in the TACE-IFN treatment group was 23.6 months (95% CI: 21.4-25.8) and 20.3 months (95% CI: 15.8-24.8) in the TACE group (P = 0.027). The disease free rate at 24 months in the TACE group was lower than in the TACE-IFN group (39.8% vs 59.3%, P = 0.004). The median overall survival was 29 months (95% CI: 27.5-32.1) in the TACE-IFN group and 26 months (95% CI: 20.1-31.9) in the TACE group (P = 0.003). The 2-year overall survival in the TACE-IFN group was higher than in the TACE group (72.2% vs 52.8%, P = 0.003).ConclusionsIFN-alpha treatment reduced recurrence and improved the survival of patients after TACE treatment of HBV-related HCC, with acceptable toxicities.

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