• Raynier Devillier, Faezeh Legrand, Jérôme Rey, Luca Castagna, Sabine Fürst, Angela Granata, Aude Charbonnier, Samia Harbi, Evelyne d'Incan, Thomas Pagliardini, Catherine Faucher, Claude Lemarie, Colombe Saillard, Boris Calmels, Bilal Mohty, Valerio Maisano, Pierre-Jean Weiller, Christian Chabannon, Norbert Vey, and Didier Blaise.
• Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France; UM 105, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France. Electronic address: devillierr@ipc.unicancer.fr.
• Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2018 Jul 1; 24 (7): 1449-1454.

AbstractHaploidentical related donor (HRD) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was developed as a valid option for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the absence of a matched donor. However, many investigators are reluctant to consider the use of this alternative in elderly patients, anticipating high morbidity. Here, we report a single-center comparison of HRD versus matched sibling donor (MSD) and unrelated donor (UD) allo-HSCT for patients with AML aged ≥60 years. Ninety-four patients (MSD: n = 31; UD: n = 30; HRD: n = 33) were analyzed. The median age was 65 (range, 60 to 73) years. We observed a higher cumulative incidence of grade 3 to 4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after UD allo-HSCT (MSD versus UD versus HRD: 3% versus 33% versus 6%, respectively; P = .006). Two-year cumulative incidence of moderate or severe chronic GVHD was 17%, 27%, and 16% in the MSD, UD, and HRD groups, respectively (P = .487). No difference was observed in the 2-year cumulative incidence of relapse or nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (relapse: MSD versus UD versus HRD: 32% versus 25% versus 25%, respectively; P = .411; NRM: MSD versus UD versus HRD: 19% versus 27% versus 24%, respectively; P = .709). At 2 years, progression-free survival, overall survival, and GVHD- and relapse-free survival were 48%, 50%, and 39%, respectively, in the MSD group; 48%, 51%, and 23%, respectively, in the UD group; and 50%, 52%, and 32%, respectively, in the HRD group, without statistically significant differences between the groups. We conclude that HRD allo-HSCT is highly feasible and no less efficient than MSD or UD allo-HSCT in patients with AML aged ≥60 years. Thus, the absence of a HLA-identical donor should not limit the consideration of allo-HSCT for the treatment of AML.Copyright © 2018 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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