• Francesco Giannini, Azeem Latib, Marco B Ancona, Charis Costopoulos, Neil Ruparelia, Alberto Menozzi, Fausto Castriota, Antonio Micari, Alberto Cremonesi, Francesco De Felice, Alfredo Marchese, Maurizio Tespili, Patrizia Presbitero, Gregory A Sgueglia, Francesca Buffoli, Corrado Tamburino, Ferdinando Varbella, and Antonio Colombo.
• Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
• Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Sep 1; 90 (3): 380-386.

ObjectivesTo compare the long-term clinical outcomes of paclitaxel drug-coated-balloons (DCB) and everolimus-eluting-stents (EES) following the treatment of de novo small vessel coronary artery disease.BackgroundIt is currently unclear whether treatment of de novo small vessel coronary disease with DCB is comparable to second generation drug-eluting stents, which are the current standard of care.MethodsThe present study enrolled 90 patients with small vessel coronary disease from the DCB treatment arm of the BELLO (Balloon Elution and Late Loss Optimization) trial and 2,000 patients treated with EES at the San Raffaele Scientific Institute. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for differences in baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics, yielding a total of 181 patients: 90 patients with 94 lesions receiving DCB and 91 patients with 94 lesions receiving EES. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as the composite of cardiac death, recurrent non-fatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between the two groups. The cumulative MACE rate at 1-year was 12.2% with DCB and 15.4% with EES (P = 0.538). Patients in the DCB group had similar TLR rates as compared to EES over the same interval (4.4% vs. 5.6%; P = 0.720). There were no cases of definite or probable stent or vessel thrombosis.ConclusionsThe use of paclitaxel-DCB appears to be associated with similar clinical outcomes when compared to second-generation-EES in small coronary artery disease. The findings of this study should be confirmed with larger prospective randomized studies with longer follow-up. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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