• Nasser M Al-Daghri, Shakilur Rahman, Shaun Sabico, Sobhy Yakout, Kaiser Wani, Omar S Al-Attas, Ponnusamy Saravanan, Gyanendra Tripathi, Philip G McTernan, and Majed S Alokail.
• Biomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. aldaghri2011@gmail.com.
• Nutrients. 2016 Sep 6; 8 (9).

BackgroundThis study aimed to examine the relationship between changes in systemic vitamin B12 concentrations with pro-inflammatory cytokines, anthropometric factors and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risk in a Saudi population.MethodsA total of 364 subjects (224 children, age: 12.99 ± 2.73 (mean ± SD) years; BMI: 20.07 ± 4.92 kg/m² and 140 adults, age: 41.87 ± 8.82 years; BMI: 31.65 ± 5.77 kg/m²) were studied. Fasting blood, anthropometric and biochemical data were collected. Serum cytokines were quantified using multiplex assay kits and B12 concentrations were measured using immunoassay analyzer.ResultsVitamin B12 was negatively associated with TNF-α (r = -0.14, p < 0.05), insulin (r = -0.230, p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.252, p < 0.01) in all subjects. In children, vitamin B12 was negatively associated with serum resistin (r = -0.160, p < 0.01), insulin (r = -0.248, p < 0.01), HOMA-IR (r = -0.261, p < 0.01). In adults, vitamin B12 was negatively associated with TNF-α (r = -0.242, p < 0.01) while positively associated with resistin (r = 0.248, p < 0.01). Serum resistin was the most significant predictor for circulating vitamin B12 in all subjects (r² = -0.17, p < 0.05) and in children (r² = -0.167, p < 0.01) while HDL-cholesterol was the predictor of B12 in adults (r² = -0.78, p < 0.05).ConclusionsSerum vitamin B12 concentrations were associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and biochemical markers of cardiometabolic risks in adults. Maintaining adequate vitamin B12 concentrations may lower inflammation-induced cardiometabolic risk in the Saudi adult population.

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