• Steven C Gross, David K Galos, David P Taormina, Alexander Crespo, Kenneth A Egol, and Nirmal C Tejwani.
• *Department of Orthopaedics, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY; †Department of Orthopaedics, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Jamaica, NY; and ‡Department of Orthopaedics, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY.
• J Orthop Trauma. 2016 Jul 1; 30 (7): 370-5.

ObjectiveTo examine the potential benefits and risks associated with weight-bearing after intramedullary (IM) nailing of unstable tibial shaft fractures.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingTwo New York State level 1 trauma centers, one level 2 trauma center, and 1 tertiary care orthopaedic hospital in a large urban center in New York City.Patients/ParticipantsEighty-eight patients with 90 tibial shaft fractures were enrolled. The following were used as inclusion criteria: (1) skeletally mature adult patients 18 years of age or older, (2) displaced fractures of tibial diaphysis (OTA type 42) treated with operative intervention, and (3) radiographs, including injury, operative, and completion of follow-up. Sixty-eight patients with 70 tibial shaft fractures completed follow-up.InterventionAll patients were treated with locked IM nailing. Patients were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: immediate weight-bearing-as-tolerated (WBAT) or non-weight-bearing for the first 6 postoperative weeks (NWB).Main Outcome MeasuresFracture union or treatment failure/revision surgery.ResultsThere was no statistical difference in the observed time to union between groups (WBAT = 22.1 ± 11.7 weeks vs. NWB = 21.3 ± 9.9 weeks; P = 0.76). Rates of complications did not statistically differ between groups. No fracture loss of reduction leading to malunion was encountered. Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment scores for all domains did not statistically differ between groups.ConclusionsImmediate weight-bearing after IM nailing of tibial shaft fractures is safe and is not associated with an increase in adverse events or complications. Patients should be allowed to bear weight as tolerated after IM nailing of OTA subtype 42-A and 42-B tibial shaft fractures.Level Of EvidenceTherapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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