• Solène Charrière, Jean-Yves Maigne, Emmanuel Couzi, Marie-Martine Lefèvre-Colau, François Rannou, and Christelle Nguyen.
• Hôpital Cochin, Service de Rééducation Et de Réadaptation de L'Appareil Locomoteur et des Pathologies du Rachis, AP-HP. Centre-Université de Paris, 27, Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.
• Eur Spine J. 2021 Oct 1; 30 (10): 3009-3018.

PurposeTo describe long-term outcomes of conservative treatment for chronic coccydynia.MethodsWe conducted a 36-month prospective observational study. Adults with chronic coccydynia (> 2 months) were included. The first-line treatment was coccygeal corticosteroid injection. The second-line treatment was either manual therapy or coccygectomy. The primary endpoint was the mean variation from baseline of coccydynia intensity at 6 and 36 months, using a numeric rating scale (0, no pain; 10, maximal pain). Evolution was considered unfavorable when coccydynia intensity was > 3 of 10 points at 36 months or coccygectomy had been performed. We carried out bivariate and multivariate analyses to identify variables associated with an unfavorable evolution.ResultsWe included 115 participants. Mean (SD) age was 43.5 (12.3) years, duration of coccydynia 18.4 (21.6) months and coccydynia intensity 6.5 (2.0) of 10 points. Mean variations for coccydynia intensity were - 1.5 (3.0) at 6 months and - 2.8 (3.2) at 36 months. At 36 months, 59/115 (51%) participants had an unfavorable evolution. In bivariate analysis, posterior coccyx dislocations were numerically more frequent in participants with an unfavorable evolution compared to others (29/59 (48%) versus 17/56 (30%), p = 0.057). In multivariate analysis, longer duration of coccydynia was associated with an unfavorable evolution (OR = 1.04, 95% CI from 1.01 to 1.07, p = 0.023).ConclusionIn adults with chronic coccydynia receiving conservative treatment, symptoms decrease overtime, but significantly persist at 36 months in more than half of them. For patients with posterior coccyx dislocation, coccygectomy may be considered rapidly.© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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