• Stavros Petrou, Michel Boulvain, Judit Simon, Patrice Maricot, François Borst, Thomas Perneger, and Olivier Irion.
• National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK.
• BJOG. 2004 Aug 1; 111 (8): 800-6.

ObjectivesTo compare the cost effectiveness of early postnatal discharge and home midwifery support with a traditional postnatal hospital stay.DesignCost minimisation analysis within a pragmatic randomised controlled trial.SettingThe University Hospital of Geneva and its catchment area.PopulationFour hundred and fifty-nine deliveries of a single infant at term following an uncomplicated pregnancy.MethodsProspective economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial in which women were allocated to either early postnatal discharge combined with home midwifery support (n= 228) or a traditional postnatal hospital stay (n= 231).Main Outcome MeasuresCosts (Swiss francs, 2000 prices) to the health service, social services, patients, carers and society accrued between delivery and 28 days postpartum.ResultsClinical and psychosocial outcomes were similar in the two trial arms. Early postnatal discharge combined with home midwifery support resulted in a significant reduction in postnatal hospital care costs (bootstrap mean difference 1524 francs, 95% confidence interval [CI] 675 to 2403) and a significant increase in community care costs (bootstrap mean difference 295 francs, 95% CI 245 to 343). There were no significant differences in average hospital readmission, hospital outpatient care, direct non-medical and indirect costs between the two trial groups. Overall, early postnatal discharge combined with home midwifery support resulted in a significant cost saving of 1221 francs per mother-infant dyad (bootstrap mean difference 1209 francs, 95% CI 202 to 2155). This finding remained relatively robust following variations in the values of key economic parameters performed as part of a comprehensive sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsA policy of early postnatal discharge combined with home midwifery support exhibits weak economic dominance over traditional postnatal care, that is, it significantly reduces costs without compromising the health and wellbeing of the mother and infant.

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