• Leti van Bodegom-Vos, Veronique M Voorn, Cynthia So-Osman, Thea P Vliet Vlieland, Albert Dahan, Ankie W Koopman-van Gemert, Stephan B Vehmeijer, Rob G Nelissen, and Perla J Marang-van de Mheen.
• Department of Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Center, J10-S, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands. E-mail address for L. van Bodegom-Vos: l.vanbodegom-vos@lumc.nl.
• J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015 Jun 17; 97 (12): 1012-21.

BackgroundCell salvage is used to reduce allogeneic red blood-cell (RBC) transfusions in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We performed a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of cell salvage to reduce transfusions in THA and TKA separately, and to examine whether recent trials change the conclusions from previous meta-analyses.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE through January 2013 for randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of cell salvage in THA and TKA. Trial results were extracted using standardized forms and pooled using a random-effects model. Methodological quality of the trials was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for risk-of-bias assessment.ResultsForty-three trials (5631 patients) were included. Overall, cell salvage reduced the exposure to allogeneic RBC transfusion in THA (risk ratio [RR], 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51 to 0.85) and TKA (RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.68). However, trials published in 2010 to 2012, with a lower risk of bias, showed no significant effect of cell salvage in THA (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.02) and TKA (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.31), suggesting that the treatment policy regarding transfusion may have changed over time.ConclusionsLooking at all trials, cell salvage still significantly reduced the RBC exposure rate and the volume of RBCs transfused in both THA and TKA. However, in trials published more recently (2010 to 2012), cell salvage reduced neither the exposure rate nor the volume of RBCs transfused in THA and TKA, most likely explained by changes in blood transfusion management.Copyright © 2015 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated.

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