• Kazuhiro Kitajima, Satoru Takahashi, Yoshiko Ueno, Takeshi Yoshikawa, Yoshiharu Ohno, Makoto Obara, Hideaki Miyake, Masato Fujisawa, and Kazuro Sugimura.
• Department of Radiology of Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. kazu10041976@yahoo.co.jp
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2012 Jul 1; 36 (1): 198-205.

PurposeTo determine whether the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained using b = 2000 s/mm(2) upon 3 Tesla (T) diffusion-weighted MRI is superior to b = 1000 s/mm(2) for discriminating malignant from normal prostate tissue and predicting the aggressiveness of prostate cancer, using histopathological findings of radical prostatectomy as a reference.Materials And MethodsEighty prostate cancer patients underwent preoperative 3T MRI including diffusion weighted imaging with b-values of 0, 1000, and 2000 s/mm(2) . ADCs were measured for malignant lesions and normal sites on three sets of ADC maps calculated with monoexponential fitting between b = 0 and 1000, 0 and 2000, and 1000 and 2000, respectively. The relationship between the ADC and Gleason score was evaluated.ResultsThe areas under the ROC curves for b = 0,1000, b = 0,2000, and b = 1000,2000 were 0.896, 0.937, and 0.857, respectively, in the peripheral zone (PZ) and 0.877, 0.889, and 0.731, respectively, in the transition zone (TZ). The difference between b = 0,1000 and b = 0,2000 was significant in PZ (P = 0.033), but not in TZ (P = 0.84). Weak but significant negative correlations were identified between ADCs and Gleason score in both PZ and TZ cancer at b = 0,1000 and b = 0,2000 (r = -0.323 to -0.341).ConclusionFor 3T MRI, ADCs using b = 0,2000 are more accurate than b = 0,1000 for diagnosing PZ cancer, and as accurate for TZ cancer.Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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