• Nature neuroscience · Jun 1999

    Functional imaging of the monkey brain.

    • N K Logothetis, H Guggenberger, S Peled, and J Pauls.
    • Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstr. 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. nikos.logothetis@tuebingen.mpg.de
    • Nat. Neurosci. 1999 Jun 1; 2 (6): 555-62.

    AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become an essential tool for studying human brain function. Here we describe the application of this technique to anesthetized monkeys. We present spatially resolved functional images of the monkey cortex based on blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast. Checkerboard patterns or pictures of primates were used to study stimulus-induced activation of the visual cortex, in a 4.7-Tesla magnetic field, using optimized multi-slice, gradient-recalled, echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences to image the entire brain. Under our anesthesia protocol, visual stimulation yielded robust, reproducible, focal activation of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), the primary visual area (V1) and a number of extrastriate visual areas, including areas in the superior temporal sulcus. Similar responses were obtained in alert, behaving monkeys performing a discrimination task.

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