• Sara Frygner-Holm, Helena Igelström, and Ingrid Demmelmaier.
• Department of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy, Bio Medical Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
• Physiother Theory Pract. 2020 Jun 30: 1-11.

BackgroundSelf-efficacy can affect a child's ability to perform important activities, infuse him/her with a sense of control and is likely an integral target for successful treatment in pediatric pain rehabilitation. Modern physical therapy treatment includes behavioral aspects and valid measures of self-efficacy are important for both research and clinical practice. In this study, the aim was to develop and perform preliminary testing of a self-efficacy scale for children and adolescents with pain.MethodsChildren and adolescents participated, along with researchers and healthcare staff, in developing the Self-Efficacy in Daily Activities (SEDA) measure. A total of 109 children and adolescents seeking physical therapy treatment for pain lasting longer than 3 months responded to the SEDA. Pain and pain-related disability were assessed using the Functional Disability Inventory (FDI). Exploratory analyzes for testing validity and reliability - principal component analyses (PCA), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and bivariate correlations - were performed.ResultsThe PCA revealed a 16-item SEDA and a three-component scale. The components represented self-efficacy for physical activities, self-efficacy for personal care and self-efficacy for daily exertion. Validity correlation analyses showed moderate association between SEDA and FDI, -0.72 (p < .01), and low correlation with pain intensity, -0.29 (p = .03).ConclusionsThe 16-item SEDA has satisfactory psychometric properties in children moderately affected by long-term pain. Further validation of the SEDA in other populations and confirmatory analyses are warranted.

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