• Hoda Ahmadniay Motlagh, Erfaneh Aalipanah, Mohsen Mazidi, and Shiva Faghih.
• Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
• Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2021 Oct 1; 75 (10): e14592.

BackgroundFlaxseed may be beneficial for the management of obesity due to its high content of alpha-linolenic acid, fibre, and lignans.ObjectiveWe aim to evaluate the effect of flaxseed consumption on serum lipids, adiponectin, leptin, and anthropometric indices in overweight or obese women.MethodsThis randomised controlled clinical trial involved 60 overweight or obese women. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: (a) a balanced diet plus 30 g/day milled flaxseed (as treatment group) and (b) a balanced diet plus 30 g/day milled rice (as control group). Anthropometric indices, serum lipids, leptin, and adiponectin level were measured at baseline and at the end of intervention after 12 weeks.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of intervention, there was significantly higher reduction rate in waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (both P < .05) in the flaxseed-consuming group compared with the control group. Moreover, adiponectin level was significantly increased from (12.11 ± 7.1) to (17.15 ± 6.1) in the flaxseed-consuming group compared with the control group from (12.48 ± 4.7) to (12.01 ± 5.8) (P = .002). However, no significant difference was observed in serum lipid level in the study groups before and after the intervention (all P > .05).ConclusionFlaxseed consumption may improve adiposity markers, such as adiponectin level. Thus, flaxseed consumption could be an adjunctive therapy to attenuate central obesity. Serum lipid profile has not changed meaningfully after flaxseed consumption.© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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