• Hung-Da Chou, Tsung-Chieh Yao, Yu-Shu Huang, Chung-Ying Huang, Men-Ling Yang, Ming-Hui Sun, Hung-Chi Chen, Chun-Hsiu Liu, Shih-Ming Chu, Jen-Fu Hsu, Kuan-Jen Chen, Yih-Shiou Hwang, Chi-Chun Lai, and Wei-Chi Wu.
• Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
• Br J Ophthalmol. 2021 Apr 1; 105 (4): 468-472.

AimsTo analyse the factors associated with myopia in school-aged children with preterm birth and with or without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsChildren born prematurely between January 2010 and December 2011 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study when they reached school age between April 2017 and June 2018 in a referral centre. The main parameters were cycloplegic refraction, time spent outdoors and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration.ResultsA total of 99 eyes from 99 children with a mean age of 6.8 years underwent analysis. The average time spent outdoors was significantly higher in the non-myopic group (0.9 ± 0.5 hours/day) than in the myopic group (0.7 ± 0.3 hours/day) (p = 0.032). After adjustment for age, sex, number of myopic parents, ROP severity, near-work time and serum 25(OH)D concentration, more time spent outdoors was correlated with a lower odds of myopia (OR, 0.13 per additional hour per day; 95% CI, 0.02-0.98; p = 0.048). Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were similar between the myopic and non-myopic groups (49.7 ± 13.6 and 48.8 ± 14.0 nmol/mL; p = 0.806) and were not correlated with spherical equivalence power (r = -0.09; p = 0.418). Vitamin D insufficiency was present in 57% of the participants.ConclusionsAmong preterm children with or without ROP, more time spent outdoors was associated with lower odds of myopia. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with myopia, but a high proportion of the participants had insufficient levels.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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