• Justin Roe, Leo A Pinczewski, Vivianne J Russell, Lucy J Salmon, Tomomaro Kawamata, and Melvin Chew.
• MB.BS, BSc(Med Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Research, 286 Pacific Hwy, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia. jroe@nsosmc.com.au
• Am J Sports Med. 2005 Sep 1; 33 (9): 1337-45.

BackgroundFor arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the most commonly used graft constructs are either the hamstring tendon or patellar tendon. Well-controlled, long-term studies are needed to determine the differences between the 2 materials.HypothesisThere is a difference between hamstring and patellar tendon grafts in the clinical results of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions at 7 years.Study DesignCohort study; Level of evidence, 2.MethodsTwo groups of 90 patients each, consecutively treated with hamstring or patellar tendon grafts, were followed and assessed at 1, 2, 5, and 7 years after surgery.ResultsAt the 7-year review, abnormal radiographic findings were seen in 45% (24/53) of the patellar tendon group and in 14% (7/51) of the hamstring tendon group (P = .002). Although there was no significant difference between the groups in extension deficit (P = .22), the percentage of patients with an extension deficit increased significantly in the patellar tendon group from 8% at 1 year to 25% at 7 years (P = .02). No significant change was seen in the hamstring tendon group over time (P = .20). There was no significant difference in laxity between the groups on Lachman (P = .44), pivot-shift (P = .39), or instrumented (P = .44) testing. Graft rupture occurred in 4 patients from the patellar tendon group and in 9 patients from the hamstring tendon group (P = .15). Both autografts gave excellent subjective results, as evidenced by the International Knee Documentation Committee evaluation and Lysholm knee scores at 7 years.ConclusionsBoth hamstring and patellar tendon grafts provided good subjective outcomes and objective stability at 7 years. No significant differences in the rate of graft rupture or contralateral anterior cruciate ligament rupture were identified. Patients with patellar tendon grafts had a greater prevalence of osteoarthritis at 7 years after surgery; therefore, the authors preferred hamstring tendons as the primary graft choice in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.

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