• James A Russell, William Irish, Alexander Balogh, M Ahsan Chaudhry, Mary Lynn Savoie, A Robert Turner, Loree Larratt, Jan Storek, Nizar J Bahlis, Christopher B Brown, Diana Quinlan, Michelle Geddes, Nancy Zacarias, Andrew Daly, Peter Duggan, and Douglas A Stewart.
• Department of Medicine and Oncology, Foothills Hospital and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, 1331 29th Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. jamesrus@cancerboard.ab.ca
• Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010 Apr 1; 16 (4): 509-14.

AbstractA combination of fludarabine (Flu) and daily i.v. busulfan (Bu) is well tolerated and effective in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The addition of rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG) may reduce morbidity and mortality from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), but lead to increased relapse. To compensate for this effect, we added 400 cGy of total body irradiation (TBI) to the Flu/Bu regimen in 89 patients, and compared outcomes with those achieved in 90 patients who received the drug combination alone. Although nonrelapse mortality (NRM) at 3 years did not differ between the groups, the inclusion of TBI significantly reduced relapse (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.15-0.54; P = .0001). Consequently, both overall survival (OS; HR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.3-0.84; P = .009) and disease-free survival (DFS; HR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.26-0.72; P = .001) were improved with the inclusion of TBI. This study confirms the importance of regimen intensity in allogeneic HSCT for AML. The combination of daily i.v. Bu, Flu, 400 cGy TBI, and ATG provides a well-tolerated regimen with antileukemic activity in AML comparable to that of other, conventional myeloablative (MA) regimens.Copyright (c) 2010 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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