• Victor Casula, Mikko J Nissi, Jana Podlipská, Marianne Haapea, Juhani M Koski, Simo Saarakkala, Ali Guermazi, Eveliina Lammentausta, and Miika T Nieminen.
• Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2017 Sep 1; 46 (3): 678-689.

PurposeTo evaluate adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ of articular cartilage in symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) patients and asymptomatic volunteers, and to determine their association with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based structural abnormalities in cartilage and bone.Materials And MethodsA total of 24 subjects (age range: 50-68 years; 12 female) were enrolled, including 12 early OA patients and 12 volunteers with normal joint function. Patients and volunteers underwent 3T MRI. T2 , adiabatic T1ρ , and T2ρ relaxation times of knee articular cartilage were measured. Proton density (PD)- and T1 -weighted MR image series were also obtained and separately evaluated for morphological changes using the MRI OA Knee Scoring (MOAKS) system. Comparisons using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test were performed after dividing the study participants according to physical symptoms as determined by Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score or presence of cartilage lesions, bone marrow lesions, or osteophytes.ResultsElevated adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ relaxation times of articular cartilage were associated with cartilage loss (P = 0.024-0.047), physical symptoms (0.0068-0.035), and osteophytes (0.0039-0.027). Elevated adiabatic T1ρ was also associated with bone marrow lesions (0.033).ConclusionPreliminary data suggest that elevated adiabatic T1ρ and T2ρ of cartilage are associated with morphological abnormalities of cartilage and bone, and thus may be applicable for in vivo OA research and diagnostics.Level Of Evidence2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:678-689.© 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

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