• Mohammad Reza Esmaeili-Dooki, Leila Moslemi, Abbas Hadipoor, Soheil Osia, and Seyed-Abbas Fatemi.
• Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran.
• Iran J Pediatr. 2016 Apr 1; 26 (2): e3898.

BackgroundIntussusception represents as the invagination of a part of the intestine into itself and is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants and children between 6 months to 3-years-old.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the recurrence rate and predisposing factors of recurrent intussusception.Patients And MethodsThe medical records of children aged less than 13-years-old with confirmed intussusception who underwent reduction at a tertiary academic care in northern Iran (Mazandran), from 2001 to 2013 were reviewed. Data were extracted and recurrence rate was determined. The two groups were compared by chi square, Fisher, Mann-Whitney and t-test. Diagnosed cases of intussusception consisted of 237 children.ResultsAverage age of the patients was 19.57 ± 19.43 months with a peak of 3 to 30 months. Male to female ratio was 1.65 and this increased by aging. Recurrence rate was 16% (38 cases). 87 (36.7%) underwent surgery. These were mainly children under one year old. In 71% (40) of episodes recurrence occurred 1 to 7 times within 6 months. The recurrence occurred in 29 (23.5%) children in whom a first reduction was achieved with barium enema (BE) and 5 (5.7%) children who had an operative reduction (P < 0.001) in the first episode. Pathological leading points (PLPs) were observed in 5 cases; 2.6% in recurrence group versus 2% in non-recurrence group (P = 0.91). Three patients had intestinal polyp, 2 patient's lymphoma and Mackle's diverticulum. Age (P = 0.77) and sex (P = 0.38) showed no difference between the two groups. PLPs were observed in 1.4% of children aged 3 months to 5 years. This was 13.3%, in older children (P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe recurrence of intussusception was related to the method of treatment in the first episode and it was 5-fold higher in children with BE than in operative reduction. Recurrent intussusceptions were not associated with PLPs, they were more idiopathic.

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