• LaʼKita M J Knight, Elijah O Onsomu, Hayden B Bosworth, Regina D Crawford, Theresa DeMartino, Jeffrey Glassberg, Judith A Paice, Christopher N Miller, Lynne Richardson, and Paula Tanabe.
• School of Nursing, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (Ms Knight and Dr Onsomu); Department of Population Health Sciences (Dr Bosworth), Department of Medicine, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences (Dr Bosworth), Division of Hematology (Dr Crawford), Department of Medicine (Drs Crawford and Tanabe), and School of Nursing (Mss Knight and DeMartino and Drs Bosworth and Tanabe), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (Drs Glassberg and Richardson); Division of Hematology-Oncology (Dr Paice) and Feinberg School of Medicine (Dr Paice), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (Dr Miller).
• Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2019 Jan 1; 41 (1): 86-97.

AbstractTreatment of vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) is the most common reason for emergency department (ED) treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD). We (1) compared perceptions of the usability and ability to manage VOE pain between ED nurses and other ED provider types, ED sites, and VOE protocols (individualized vs. weight-based), and (2) identified ED nurse and other provider protocol suggestions. A secondary analysis of provider survey data collected immediately after caring for a patient enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing weight-based versus individualized opioid dosing for VOE. Research staff asked the ED nurses and other ED providers (nurse practitioners [NPs], physician assistants [PAs], residents, and attending physicians) 5 questions related to the protocol's ease of use and ability to manage pain. There were 236 surveys completed. Attending physicians (n = 15), residents (n = 88), PAs (n = 21), and NPs (n = l) were more satisfied than nurses (n = 111) with the clarity of the analgesic ordering (97.6% vs. 0%, p = 0.0001) and ability to manage the patient's VOE pain (91% vs. 0%, p = 0.0001). When comparing both protocols with the usual ED strategy in their ED to manage VOE, more nurses than other ED providers perceived the study patients' pain management protocol as better (100% vs. 35.2%, p = 0.0001). Other ED providers perceived the individualized versus weight-based protocol as better at managing pain than their usual ED strategy (70.3% vs. 59.5%, p = 0.04). The individualized protocol was perceived as better in managing VOE than the weight-based ED strategy. While physicians were satisfied with the clarity of the protocols, nurses were not. Improved protocol usability is required for widespread ED implementation.

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