• Hedelin Petter, Agger Erik, Ekmehag Björn, and Rådegran Göran.
• GoRadLab, The Öresund Cardiovascular Research Collaboration, The Clinic for heart Failure and valvular heart disease, Department of Cardiology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Sweden. petter.hedelin@gmail.com
• Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2011 Jan 1;31(1):39-47.

BackgroundThis study compared the non-invasive thoracic electrical bioimpedance Aesculon technique (TEB(Aesculon) ) with thermodilution (TD) to evaluate whether TEB(Aesculon) may offer a reliable means for estimating cardiac output (CO) in humans.Material And MethodCardiac output was measured with TD and TEB(Aesculon) in 33 patients, with a mean age ± SEM of 59 ± 2·7 years, that underwent right heart catheterization for clinical investigation of pulmonary hypertension or severe heart failure. Four to five CO measurements were performed with each technique simultaneously in 33 patients at rest, 11 during exercise and seven during NO inhalation.ResultCardiac output correlated poorly between TEB(Aesculon) and TD at rest (r = 0·46, P<0·001), during exercise (r = 0·35, P<0·013) and NO inhalation (r = 0·41, P<0·017). CO was higher for TEB(Aesculon) than TD with 0·86 ± 0·14 l min(-1) at rest (P<0·001) and 2·95 ± 0·69 l min(-1) during exercise (P< 0·003), but similar during NO inhalation, with a tendency (P< 0·079) to be 0·44 ± 0·19 l min(-1) higher for TEB(Aesculon) than TD. CO increased from rest to exercise for TEB(Aesculon) and TD with 6·11 ± 0·6 l min(-1) (P<0·001) and 3·91 ± 0·36 l min(-1) (P<0·001), respectively; an increase that was higher (P<0·002) for TEB(Aesculon) than TD. During NO inhalation, compared to rest, CO decreased for TEB(Aesculon) with 0·62 ± 0·11 l min(-1) (P<0·002), but not significantly for TD with 0·21 ± 0·12 l min(-1) (P<0·11). Bland-Altman analysis showed a poor agreement between TEB(Aesculon) and TD.Conclusion  TEB(Aesculon) overestimated CO compared to TD with ∼17% at rest and ∼34% during exercise, but the techniques showed similar results during NO inhalation. CO, furthermore, correlated poorly between TEB(Aesculon) and TD. TEB(Aesculon) may at present not replace TD for reliable CO measurements in humans.© 2010 The Authors. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging © 2010 Scandinavian Society of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine.

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