• Carolin E M Jakob, Stefan Borgmann, Fazilet Duygu, Uta Behrends, Martin Hower, Uta Merle, Anette Friedrichs, Lukas Tometten, Frank Hanses, Norma Jung, Siegbert Rieg, Kai Wille, Beate Grüner, Hartwig Klinker, Nicole Gersbacher-Runge, Kerstin Hellwig, Lukas Eberwein, Sebastian Dolff, Dominic Rauschning, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Julia Lanznaster, Richard Strauß, Janina Trauth, de WithKatjaKDivision of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany., Maria Ruethrich, Catherina Lueck, Jacob Nattermann, Lene Tscharntke, Lisa Pilgram, Sandra Fuhrmann, Annika Classen, Melanie Stecher, Maximilian Schons, Christoph Spinner, and Jörg Janne Vehreschild.
• Department I for Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
• Infection. 2021 Feb 1; 49 (1): 63-73.

PurposeKnowledge regarding patients' clinical condition at severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection is sparse. Data in the international, multicenter Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients (LEOSS) cohort study may enhance the understanding of COVID-19.MethodsSociodemographic and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, enrolled in the LEOSS cohort study between March 16, 2020, and May 14, 2020, were analyzed. Associations between baseline characteristics and clinical stages at diagnosis (uncomplicated vs. complicated) were assessed using logistic regression models.ResultsWe included 2155 patients, 59.7% (1,287/2,155) were male; the most common age category was 66-85 years (39.6%; 500/2,155). The primary COVID-19 diagnosis was made in 35.0% (755/2,155) during complicated clinical stages. A significant univariate association between age; sex; body mass index; smoking; diabetes; cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, and kidney diseases; ACE inhibitor therapy; statin intake and an increased risk for complicated clinical stages of COVID-19 at diagnosis was found. Multivariable analysis revealed that advanced age [46-65 years: adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.73, 95% CI 1.25-2.42, p = 0.001; 66-85 years: aOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.36-2.74, p < 0.001; > 85 years: aOR 2.38, 95% CI 1.49-3.81, p < 0.001 vs. individuals aged 26-45 years], male sex (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.50, p = 0.040), cardiovascular disease (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.72, p = 0.007), and diabetes (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.69, p = 0.023) were associated with complicated stages of COVID-19 at diagnosis.ConclusionThe LEOSS cohort identified age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and male sex as risk factors for complicated disease stages at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, thus confirming previous data. Further data regarding outcomes of the natural course of COVID-19 and the influence of treatment are required.

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