• Narendra Pal Singh, Debapriya Das Choudhury, Kavita Gupta, Sumit Rai, Prerna Batra, Vikas Manchanda, Rituparna Saha, and I R Kaur.
• Department of Microbiology, UCMS & GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India.
• Am J Infect Control. 2018 Jun 1; 46 (6): e31-e35.

BackgroundWith the emergence of carbapenem-resistant isolates, the therapeutic alternatives have become limited. Various factors are responsible for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) gut colonization. This study was conducted to determine predictors for CRE gut colonization in neonates who were hospital delivered and admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).MethodsThree rectal swabs were collected from 300 hospital-delivered and NICU-admitted neonates (likely to stay for >3 days). The data collected for the possible risk factors for CRE gut colonization were namely mode of delivery, prolonged rupture of membrane >18 hours, period of gestation, birth weight, meconium-stained liquor, ventilation, intravenous catheter, nasogastric (NG) tube, NG feeding, breastfeeding, katori spoon feeding, top feeding, expressed breastmilk, antibiotics administration, and duration of hospitalization. P < .05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsA total of 26 cases of CRE were isolated from 300 neonates. Statistically significant risk factors were found to be NG tube, breastfeeding, NG feeding, top feeding, expressed breastmilk, ventilation, antibiotic administration, and duration of hospitalization. Top feeding and antibiotics administration were identified as 2 independent risk factors by multiple logistic regression.ConclusionsActive surveillance of cultures from hospitalized patients and implementation of preventive efforts can reduce the risk of CRE.Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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