• Xiao Wu, Zhou An, Kui Zhao, Sijia Yang, Xu Lin, Xiaona Dai, Derek Radisky, and Jian Hu.
• Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
• Thorac Cancer. 2020 Aug 1; 11 (8): 2094-2100.

BackgroundEndobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS-TBLB) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) have been widely used in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). This study was conducted to determine the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBLB combined with FDG-PET in the assessment of PPLs.MethodsThe clinical data of 76 patients with PPLs who received both FDG-PET and EBUS-TBLB from January 2016 to February 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Further subgroup analysis was performed according to lesion diameter (≤20 mm or >20 mm). Related diagnostic indices were calculated and compared between groups.ResultsWhen combining EBUS-TBLB with FDG-PET, the diagnostic accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, Youden's index, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for PPLs were 86.8%, 90.2%, 73.3%, 63.5%, 93.2%, and 64.7%, respectively. In addition, the diagnostic accuracy rate of the combined approach was significantly higher than the single EBUS-TBLB and FDG-PET (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively), and its Youden's index was also at a higher level. When stratified by lesion diameter, the combined approach showed a significantly higher diagnostic accuracy rate (P < 0.05) and a higher Youden's index for PPLs >20 mm than PPLs ≤20 mm. In addition, we found that positive bronchus sign and probe within the probe were two important factors conducing to enhancing the diagnostic accuracy rate for EBUS-TBLB.ConclusionsAn integrated approach combining EBUS-TBLB with FDG-PET is particularly useful for diagnosing PPLs, and the improved diagnostic yields were especially evident for PPLs >20 mm.© 2020 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

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