• Luca Antonioli, Matteo Fornai, Rocchina Colucci, Oriana Awwad, Narcisa Ghisu, Marco Tuccori, Mario Del Tacca, and Corrado Blandizzi.
• Division of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
• Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2011 Jan 15; 650 (2-3): 639-49.

AbstractThis study investigated the expression of A(1) and A(2A) receptors in the rat colonic neuromuscular compartment, and characterized their roles in the control of motility during inflammation. Colitis was induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. A(1), A(2A) receptors, and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73, adenosine producing enzyme) mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR. The effects of DPCPX (A(1) receptor antagonist), CCPA (A(1) receptor agonist), 4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[2,3-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-ylamino]ethyl)phenol (A(2A) receptor antagonist), 4-[2-[[6-amino-9-(N-ethyl-b-D-ribofuranuronamidosyl)-9H-purin-2-yl]amino]ethyl]benzenepropanoic acid hydrochloride (A(2A) receptor agonist), AOPCP (CD73 inhibitor) were tested on electrically or carbachol-evoked contractions in colonic longitudinal muscle preparations. In normal colon, RT-PCR revealed the presence of A(1) receptors, A(2A) receptors and CD73, and an increased expression of A(2A) receptors and CD73 was detected in inflamed tissues. In normal colon, DPCPX or 4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[2,3-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-ylamino]ethyl)phenol enhanced electrically-induced contractions, while in inflamed preparations the effect of DPCPX no longer occurred. In normal colon, CCPA or 4-[2-[[6-amino-9-(N-ethyl-b-D-ribofuranuronamidosyl)-9H-purin-2-yl]amino]ethyl] benzenepropanoic acid hydrochloride decreased electrically-induced contractions. Under inflammation, 4-[2-[[6-amino-9-(N-ethyl-b-D-ribofuranuronamidosyl)-9H-purin-2-yl]amino]ethyl] benzenepropanoic acid hydrochloride reduced electrically evoked contractions with higher efficacy, while the inhibition by CCPA remained unchanged. A(1) and A(2A) receptor ligands did not affect carbachol-induced contractions. AOPCP enhanced electrically-induced contractions and prevented the contractile effects of 4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[2,3-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-ylamino]ethyl)phenol, without interfering with DPCPX, both in normal and inflamed colons. These results indicate that, in normal colon, both A(1) and A(2A) receptors contribute to the inhibitory control of motor functions at neuronal level. Under bowel inflammation, A(1) receptor loses its modulating actions, while the recruitment of A(2A) receptor by CD73-dependent endogenous adenosine drives an enhanced inhibitory control of colonic neuromotility.Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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