• Kei Sano, Yoshiyuki Suehara, Taketo Okubo, Keita Sasa, Taisei Kurihara, Keisuke Akaike, Daisuke Kubota, Tomoaki Torigoe, Nobuhiko Hasegawa, Midori Ishii, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Youngji Kim, Tatsuya Takagi, Kazuo Kaneko, Takuo Hayashi, and Tsuyoshi Saito.
• Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
• J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong). 2020 Jan 1; 28 (2): 2309499020929786.

PurposeGiant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a local aggressive bone tumor, histologically classified as intermediate malignancy. Recently, the RANKL inhibitor, denosumab, was developed as a novel and effective treatment option for GCTB. Since the risk of preoperative use of denosumab with curettage had been previously reported, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between recurrences and clinicopathological features associated with adjuvant denosumab treatment in GCTB.MethodsA total of 87 GCTB cases were treated at our institution. We reviewed 66 patients with conventional-type GCTB occurring in the extremities and analyzed 78 surgical treatments, including curettages and resections, with clinicopathological features and denosumab treatment.ResultsGCTB lesions, including 66 primary and 12 recurring, underwent surgical treatment like curettage and resection. Recurrence-free survivals in 78 GCTB surgeries were 78.7% in 3 years and 71.9% in 5 years. In the resected cases of GCTBs, there was no recurrence either with or without denosumab. In curettage cases, 3-year recurrence-free survivals were 0.0% (n = 3) in preoperative treatment of denosumab, 66.7% (n = 6) in postoperative treatment, and 76.6% (n = 43) in no treatment. Interestingly, three preoperative treatment cases demonstrated low MIB-1 index despite 100% recurrence. The other clinicopathological factors did not contribute much to the risk of recurrence in curettage cases.ConclusionOur findings revealed the use of denosumab in GCTB, prior to curettage, to possibly increase the risk of local recurrence. Together with previous reports, our finding might provide information for beneficial treatment of GCTB.

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