• Kosuke Okada, Eiji Warabi, Hirokazu Sugimoto, Masaki Horie, Katsutoshi Tokushige, Tetsuya Ueda, Nobuhiko Harada, Keiko Taguchi, Etsuko Hashimoto, Ken Itoh, Tetsuro Ishii, Hirotoshi Utsunomiya, Masayuki Yamamoto, and Junichi Shoda.
• Field of Basic Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan.
• J. Gastroenterol. 2012 Aug 1; 47 (8): 924-35.

BackgroundThe transcription factor nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator for induction of hepatic antioxidative stress systems. We aimed to investigate whether activation of Nrf2 protects against steatohepatitis.MethodWild-type mice (WT), Nrf2 gene-null mice (Nrf2-null) and Keap1 gene-knockdown mice (Keap1-kd), which represent the sustained activation of Nrf2, were fed a methionine- and choline-deficient diet (MCDD) for 13 weeks and analyzed.ResultsIn Keap1-kd fed an MCDD, steatohepatitis did not develop over the observation periods; however, in Nrf2-null fed an MCDD, the pathological state of the steatohepatitis was aggravated in terms of fatty change, inflammation, fibrosis and iron accumulation. In WT mice fed an MCDD, Nrf2 and antioxidative stress genes regulated by Nrf2 were potently activated in the livers, and in Keap1-kd, their basal levels were potently activated. Oxidative stress was significantly increased in the livers of the Nrf2-null and suppressed in the livers of the Keap1-kd compared to that of WT, based on the levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde. Iron accumulation was greater in the livers of the Nrf2-null mice compared to those of the WT mice, and it was not observed in Keap1-kd. Further, the iron release from the isolated hepatocyte of Nrf2-null mice was significantly decreased. Sulforaphane, an activator of Nrf2, suppressed the pathological states and oxidative stress in the livers.ConclusionsNrf2 has protective roles against nutritional steatohepatitis through inhibition of hepatic iron accumulation and counteraction against oxidative stress-induced liver injury. Nrf2 activation by pharmaceutical intervention could be a new option for the prevention and treatment of steatohepatitis.

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