• Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2006

    Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (S-PNET) in children: A prospective experience with adjuvant intensive chemotherapy and hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy.

    • Maura Massimino, Lorenza Gandola, Filippo Spreafico, Roberto Luksch, Paola Collini, Felice Giangaspero, Fabio Simonetti, Michela Casanova, Graziella Cefalo, Emanuele Pignoli, Andrea Ferrari, Monica Terenziani, Marta Podda, Cristina Meazza, Daniela Polastri, Geraldina Poggi, Fernando Ravagnani, and Franca Fossati-Bellani.
    • Neuro-Oncology Functional Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. maura.massimino@istitutotumori.mi.it
    • Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2006 Mar 15; 64 (4): 1031-7.

    PurposeSupratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (S-PNET) are rare and have a grim prognosis, frequently taking an aggressive course with local relapse and metastatic spread. We report the results of a mono-institutional therapeutic trial.Methods And MaterialsWe enrolled 15 consecutive patients to preradiation chemotherapy (CT) consisting of high-dose methotrexate, high-dose etoposide, high-dose cyclophosphamide, and high-dose carboplatin, craniospinal irradiation (CSI) with hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) plus focal boost, maintenance with vincristine/lomustine or consolidation with high-dose thiotepa followed by autologous stem-cell rescue.ResultsMedian age was 9 years; 7 were male, 8 female. Site of disease was pineal in 3, elsewhere in 12. Six patients were had no evidence of disease after surgery (NED). Of those with evidence of disease after surgery (ED), 2 had central nervous system spread. Of the 9 ED patients, 2 had complete response (CR) and 2 partial response (PR) after CT, 4 stable disease, and 1 progressive disease. Of the 7 ED patients before radiotherapy, 1 had CR, 4 PR, and 2 minor response, thus obtaining a 44% CR + PR after CT and 71% after HART. Because of rapid progression in 2 of the first 5 patients, high-dose thiotepa was systematically adopted after HART in the subsequent 10 patients. Six of 15 patients relapsed (4 locally, 1 locally with dissemination, 1 with dissemination) a mean of 6 months after starting CT, 2 developed second tumors; 5 of 6 relapsers died at a median of 13 months. Three-year progression-free survival, event-free survival, and overall survival were 54%, 34%, and 61%, respectively.ConclusionHyperfractionated accelerated RT was the main tool in obtaining responses in S-PNET; introducing the myeloablative phase improved the prognosis (3/10 vs. 3/5 relapses), though the outcome remained unsatisfactory despite the adoption of this intensive treatment.

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