• J. Hosp. Infect. · Jun 2007

    Review

    Virulence determinants in community and hospital meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

    • Anne Tristan, Tristan Ferry, Geraldine Durand, Olivier Dauwalder, Michele Bes, Gerard Lina, François Vandenesch, and Jerome Etienne.
    • INSERM E0230, Lyon, France. anne.tristan@chu-lyon.fr
    • J. Hosp. Infect. 2007 Jun 1; 65 Suppl 2: 105-9.

    AbstractStaphylococcus aureus produces many virulence factors, most of which act in a synergistic and coordinated fashion. Some appear to be specifically associated with certain severe infections and are produced by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones distributed worldwide. Superantigenic exotoxins appear to be major virulence factors in hospital MRSA clones (HA-MRSA), and staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) may be involved in the physiopathology of septic shock. Panton Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) has emerged as a major virulence factor in community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections. In particular, the leukotoxic action of PVL is responsible for the high mortality rate associated with necrotizing pneumonia. CA-MRSA can also harbour the toxic shock toxin 1 (TSST-1) and rarely the exfoliative toxin.

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