• Am J Addict · Jan 2020

    Physician and Pharmacist: Attitudes, Facilitators, and Barriers to Prescribing Naloxone for Home Rescue.

    • Janine G Martino, Shawn R Smith, Sally Rafie, Samantha Rafie, and Carla Marienfeld.
    • Department of Pharmacy, University of California San Diego Health, San Diego, California.
    • Am J Addict. 2020 Jan 1; 29 (1): 65-72.

    Background And ObjectivesWe implemented a naloxone education and distribution program in our academic health system. Despite the program, naloxone prescribing was not fully realized. This study aimed to identify the barriers to prescribing.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, mixed-methods study of naloxone prescribers. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding their prescribing practices, attitudes, facilitators, and barriers to prescribing naloxone. Participants were then invited for an interview to further explore these topics and elicit more in-depth explanations.ResultsSixty-four physicians and eight pharmacists completed the questionnaire (n = 72). The most commonly reported barrier to prescribing naloxone was time constraints (33%). During the interviews, 14 subthemes emerged within four themes: provider competency, provider beliefs, health care system, and patient factors/social climate.DiscussionPrescribers identified barriers to naloxone prescribing despite implementation of an institutional overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) program. The results were similar to those previously reported prior to initiation of such programs.ConclusionIn this study, we examined barriers and facilitators to naloxone prescribing. Although previous studies have shown that health care providers endorsed similar barriers, our study indicates that some of those barriers persist despite a concerted effort to educate and promote prescribing via an OEND. While our study is limited by a small, selective sample size the results indicate that improvements to our OEND program are warranted.Scientific SignificanceOur study addressed an unexplored area of OEND research and may inform future program development. (Am J Addict 2019;00:00-00).© 2019 American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.

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