• Psychiatry research · Jan 2021

    Meta Analysis

    Prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress among populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

    • Jude Mary Cénat, Camille Blais-Rochette, Cyrille Kossigan Kokou-Kpolou, Pari-Gole Noorishad, Joana N Mukunzi, Sara-Emilie McIntee, Rose Darly Dalexis, Marc-André Goulet, and Patrick R Labelle.
    • School of psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: jcenat@uottawa.ca.
    • Psychiatry Res. 2021 Jan 1; 295: 113599.

    ObjectiveWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD, and Psychological distress (PD) related to COVID-19 among affected populations.MethodsWe searched articles in Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science. Random-effects meta-analyses on the proportions of individuals with symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD, and PD were generated and between-group differences for gender, healthcare workers (HCWs), and regions where studies were conducted.ResultsA total of 2189 articles were screened, 136 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Fifty-five peer-reviewed studies met inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis (N=189,159). The prevalence of depression (k=46) was 15.97% (95%CI, 13.24-19.13). The prevalence of anxiety (k=54) was 15.15% (95%CI, 12.29-18.54). The prevalence of insomnia (k=14) was 23.87% (95%CI, 15.74-34.48). The prevalence of PTSD (k=13) was 21.94% (95%CI, 9.37-43.31). Finally, the prevalence of psychological distress (k=19) was 13.29% (95%CI, 8.80-19.57). Between-group differences were only found in HCWs (z=2.69, p < 0.05) who had a higher prevalence of insomnia than others.ConclusionsFindings suggest that the short-term mental health consequences of COVID-19 are equally high across affected countries, and across gender. However, reports of insomnia are significantly higher among HCWs than the general population.Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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