• Utaru Tanaka, Yoshiko Ueno, Yukiko Morinaga, Hideaki Miyake, Katsusuke Kyotani, Yu Ueda, Kazuhiro Kitajima, Keitaro Sofue, Yuko Suenaga, Kazuro Sugimura, and Satoru Takahashi.
• Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
• Jpn J Radiol. 2017 Dec 1; 35 (12): 707-717.

PurposeTo investigate the impact of three-dimensional (3D) T2-weighted turbo spin-echo imaging (TSE-T2WI) with tissue-specific variable refocusing flip angle (TS-VRFA) on image quality and prostate cancer (PCa) detection and extraprostatic extension (EPE) evaluation compared to 2D TSE-T2WI and conventional 3D TSE-T2WI with volume isotropic TSE acquisition (VISTA).Materials And MethodsImage data sets of 40 patients who underwent 3-T MRI before prostatectomy, including multiplane 2D T2WI, 3D T2WI with TS-VRFA and VISTA, and diffusion-weighted images were independently evaluated by two radiologists. The detectability of PCa and EPE of each sequence was assessed using areas by the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis. Image quality measures and contrast ratios (CR) between cancerous lesions and non-cancerous regions for each T2WI were also evaluated.ResultsOverall image quality of TS-VRFA was better than that of VISTA and equivalent to 2D. The highest CR was obtained with TS-VRFA (P < 0.05). For both readers, no significances were observed in detectability for PCa detection between three sequences (P > 0.05). For both readers, there were no significant differences in AUC for EPE evaluation between three sequences (P > 0.05).Conclusion3D T2 WI using TS-VRFA could potentially replace multiplane 2D T2 WI for prostate cancer diagnosis with better image quality than VISTA.

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