• James E Siegler, Pere Cardona, Juan F Arenillas, Blanca Talavera, Ana N Guillen, Alba Chavarría-Miranda, Mercedes de Lera, Priyank Khandelwal, Ivo Bach, Pratit Patel, Amit Singla, Manuel Requena, Marc Ribo, Dinesh V Jillella, Srikant Rangaraju, Raul G Nogueira, Diogo C Haussen, Alejandro R Vazquez, Xabier Urra, Ángel Chamorro, Luis S Román, Jesse M Thon, Ryna Then, Emma Sanborn, Natalia P de la Ossa, Mònica Millàn, Isaac N Ruiz, Ossama Y Mansour, Mohammed Megahed, Cristina Tiu, Elena O Terecoasa, Răzvan A Radu, Thanh N Nguyen, Gioacchino Curiale, Artem Kaliaev, Alexandra L Czap, Jacob Sebaugh, Alicia M Zha, David S Liebeskind, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Mudassir Farooqui, Ameer E Hassan, Laurie Preston, Mary S Patterson, Saif Bushnaq, Osama Zaidat, and Tudor G Jovin.
• Cooper Neurologic Institute, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA.
• Int J Stroke. 2021 Jun 1; 16 (4): 437-447.

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with a significant risk of thrombotic events in critically ill patients.AimTo summarize the findings of a multinational observational cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 and cerebrovascular disease.MethodsRetrospective observational cohort of consecutive adults evaluated in the emergency department and/or admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) across 31 hospitals in four countries (1 February 2020-16 June 2020). The primary outcome was the incidence rate of cerebrovascular events, inclusive of acute ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhages (ICH), and cortical vein and/or sinus thrombosis (CVST).ResultsOf the 14,483 patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, 172 were diagnosed with an acute cerebrovascular event (1.13% of cohort; 1130/100,000 patients, 95%CI 970-1320/100,000), 68/171 (40.5%) were female and 96/172 (55.8%) were between the ages 60 and 79 years. Of these, 156 had acute ischemic stroke (1.08%; 1080/100,000 95%CI 920-1260/100,000), 28 ICH (0.19%; 190/100,000 95%CI 130-280/100,000), and 3 with CVST (0.02%; 20/100,000, 95%CI 4-60/100,000). The in-hospital mortality rate for SARS-CoV-2-associated stroke was 38.1% and for ICH 58.3%. After adjusting for clustering by site and age, baseline stroke severity, and all predictors of in-hospital mortality found in univariate regression (p < 0.1: male sex, tobacco use, arrival by emergency medical services, lower platelet and lymphocyte counts, and intracranial occlusion), cryptogenic stroke mechanism (aOR 5.01, 95%CI 1.63-15.44, p < 0.01), older age (aOR 1.78, 95%CI 1.07-2.94, p = 0.03), and lower lymphocyte count on admission (aOR 0.58, 95%CI 0.34-0.98, p = 0.04) were the only independent predictors of mortality among patients with stroke and COVID-19.ConclusionsCOVID-19 is associated with a small but significant risk of clinically relevant cerebrovascular events, particularly ischemic stroke. The mortality rate is high for COVID-19-associated cerebrovascular complications; therefore, aggressive monitoring and early intervention should be pursued to mitigate poor outcomes.

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