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Med. Clin. North Am. · May 2019
ReviewChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Evaluation and Management.
- Sean P Duffy and Gerard J Criner.
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, 3401 North Broad Street, 7th Floor Parkinson Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. Electronic address: Sean.duffy2@tuhs.temple.edu.
- Med. Clin. North Am. 2019 May 1; 103 (3): 453-461.
AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death nationally and worldwide. Cigarette smoking is the most common risk factor in the development of COPD. Disease course is variable with some patients having a high degree of obstruction and minimal symptoms, whereas others with better lung function have a greater symptoms burden. The goal of pharmacologic therapy is to minimize symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, and reduce exacerbation risk. No pharmacologic therapy has been shown to improve survival in COPD. Pulmonology referral is recommended for patients with COPD with symptoms despite first-line inhaled therapy, frequent exacerbations, any hospitalizations, or moderate-to-severe disease.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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