• Frontiers in immunology · Jan 2020

    Is Cross-Reactive Immunity Triggering COVID-19 Immunopathogenesis?

    • Alberto Beretta, Martin Cranage, and Donato Zipeto.
    • Solongevity Research, Milan, Italy.
    • Front Immunol. 2020 Jan 1; 11: 567710.

    AbstractThe serological responses to both SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 virus have some unique characteristics that suggest cross-reactive priming by other human coronaviruses (hCoVs). The early kinetics and magnitude of these responses are, in some cases, associated with worse clinical outcomes in SARS and COVID-19. Cross-reactive hCoV antibody responses have been detected in both SARS and COVID-19 patients. There is also evidence that pre-existing T cell immunity to common cold coronaviruses can prime the response to SARS-CoV-2. Studies in non-human primates show that SARS-CoV-1 S-protein vaccine-induced antibodies are associated with acute lung injury in macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-1. Here we discuss the potential of cross-reactive immunity to drive the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and its implications for current efforts to develop immune-based therapies and vaccines.Copyright © 2020 Beretta, Cranage and Zipeto.

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