• Letícia Kipper, Carolina Blaya, Betina Teruchkin, Elizeth Heldt, Luciano Isolan, Kelin Mezzomo, Michael Bond, and Gisele Gus Manfro.
• Post-Graduate Program in Medical Science: Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Anxiety Disorder Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
• J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 2004 Jan 1; 192 (1): 58-64.

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the defense mechanisms most frequently used by Brazilian patients with panic disorder when compared with a control group. The study also examines the association between severity of disease and comorbidity and the use of specific defense mechanisms. Sixty panic-disordered patients and 31 controls participated in the study. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to confirm the panic disorder diagnosis and to establish the comorbid diagnosis. The Clinical Global Impression (CGI) was used to assess severity and the Defensive Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) was used to evaluate the defense mechanisms. Panic patients used more neurotic (mean = 4.9 versus 3.6; p < 0.001) and immature (mean = 3.9 versus 2.8; p < 0.001) defenses as compared with controls. Panic patients with severe disease (n = 37; CGI>4) had more depression comorbidity and used more immature defenses than patients with CGI

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