• Wenyu Pan, Joanna Peng, and Dalia Elmofty.
• Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
• Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2021 Jul 21; 25 (9): 61.

Purpose Of ReviewOccipital neuralgia is a painful condition that affects the posterior aspect of the head and can be difficult to distinguish from other common forms of headaches. This article reviews the anatomy, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, diagnostic testing, and management approaches for occipital neuralgia.Recent FindingsNon-pharmacological treatments aim to alleviate muscle tension and improve posture. Acupuncture shows some promise. The occipital nerve block is considered the first line in a minimally invasive intervention, but the duration of relief may be short term. An onabotulinum toxin A injection may improve the sharp but not the dull component of the pain of occipital neuralgia. Radiofrequency ablation and occipital nerve stimulation may provide effective long-term relief in refractory patients. Surgical decompression, neurotomies, and neurolysis are last-resort treatment options. Occipital neuralgia is a debilitating condition that can be difficult to treat. Studies with larger sample sizes and randomized control trials are needed to further determine the effectiveness and safety of different therapies.© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

19 keywords...

hide…