• Jiahao Zhu, Yuxiao Ling, Shuai Mi, Hanzhu Chen, Jiayao Fan, Shaofang Cai, Chunhong Fan, Qing Shen, and Yingjun Li.
• School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
• Oral Oncol. 2020 Apr 1; 103: 104587.

ObjectivesThe relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer risk have been investigated in a growing number of epidemiological studies. However, their findings were inconsistent, and no systematic review or meta-analysis has been conducted up to now. This meta-analysis was carried out to examine potential dose-response relationship between DII score and UADT cancer risk.Material And MethodsA systematic search was conducted for relevant studies in PubMed and Web of Science up to March 28, 2019. Categorical meta-analysis as well as linear and non-linear dose-response meta-analysis were performed to evaluate association between DII and UADT cancer risk.ResultsNine case-control studies with a total of 4138 cases and 15,326 healthy controls were eligible in the present meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of UADT cancer risk were 2.07 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.82, 2.35] for the highest DII score compared with the lowest and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.39, 1.69) for higher DII score compared with lower score, respectively. Furthermore, a one-unit increment in DII score was associated with an increased risk of 18% for UADT cancers (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.21). An upward trend towards a positive association between elevated DII score and UADT cancer risk was also observed in non-linear dose-response meta-analysis.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis provides evidence of highly pro-inflammatory diets that might increase risk of UADT cancers. Therefore, reducing pro-inflammatory components in diets should be considered to prevent and control UADT cancers.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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