• William Omar Contreras Lopez, Angelo R Azevedo, Rubens G Cury, Francisco Alencar, Iuri S Neville, Paul R Reis, Jessie Navarro, Bernardo Monaco, Fabio E Fernandes da Silva, Manoel J Teixeira, and Erich T Fonoff.
• Division of Functional Neurosurgery of Institute of Psychiatry at Hospital das Clínicas of University of São Paulo Medical School.
• World Neurosurg. 2016 Feb 1; 86: 316-20.

ObjectiveReporting the outcome of two patients who underwent unilateral ablative stereotactic surgery to treat pharmacologic resistant posttraumatic tremor (PTT).MethodsWe present two patients (31 and 47 years old) with refractory PTT severely affecting their quality of life. Under stereotactic guidance, refined by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and double-channel multiunit microelectrode recording (MER), three sequential radiofrequency lesions were performed in the caudal zona incerta (cZi) up to the base of thalamus (VOP). Effects of cZi/VOP lesion were prospectively rated with a tremor rating scale.ResultsBoth patients demonstrated intraoperative tremor suppression with sustained results up to 18 months follow-up, with improvement of 92% and 84%, respectively, on the tremor rating scale. Tremor improvement was associated with enhancement functionality and quality of life for the patients. The patients returned to their work after the procedure. No adverse effects were observed up to the last follow-up.ConclusionRadiofrequency lesion of the cZi/VOP target was effective for posttraumatic tremor in both cases. The use of T2-weighted images and MER was found helpful in increasing the precision and safety of the procedure, because it leads the RF probe by relying on neighbor structures based on thalamus and subthalamic nucleus.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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