• Kohsuke Kudo, Tian Liu, Toshiyuki Murakami, Jonathan Goodwin, Ikuko Uwano, Fumio Yamashita, Satomi Higuchi, Yi Wang, Kuniaki Ogasawara, Akira Ogawa, and Makoto Sasaki.
• Division of Ultra-High Field MRI, Iwate Medical University, Japan Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Japan kkudo@huhp.hokudai.ac.jp.
• J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 2016 Aug 1; 36 (8): 1424-33.

AbstractThe purposes of this study are to establish oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) measurements using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to compare QSM-OEF data with the gold standard (15)O positron emission tomography (PET). Twenty-six patients with chronic unilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion, and 15 normal subjects were included. MRI scans were conducted using a 3.0 Tesla scanner with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled sequence. QSM images were created using the morphology-enabled dipole inversion method, and OEF maps were generated from QSM images using extraction of venous susceptibility induced by deoxygenated hemoglobin. Significant correlation of relative OEF ratio to contra-lateral hemisphere between QSM-OEF and PET-OEF was observed (r = 0.62, p < 0.001). The local (intra-section) correlation was also significant (r = 0.52, p < 0.001) in patients with increased PET-OEF. The sensitivity and specificity of OEF increase in QSM was 0.63 (5/8) and 0.89 (16/18), respectively, in comparison with PET. In conclusion, good correlation was achieved between QSM-OEF and PET-OEF in the identification of elevated OEF in affected hemispheres of patients with unilateral chronic steno-occlusive disease.© The Author(s) 2015.

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