• Annika Herlemann, Vera Wenter, Alexander Kretschmer, Kolja M Thierfelder, Peter Bartenstein, Claudius Faber, Franz-Josef Gildehaus, Christian G Stief, Christian Gratzke, and Wolfgang P Fendler.
• Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
• Eur. Urol. 2016 Oct 1; 70 (4): 553-557.

We evaluated the accuracy of 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-HBED-CC (68Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for nodal staging prior to lymph node dissection (LND) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Thirty-four patients with histologically proven PCa underwent 68Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT prior to radical prostatectomy with primary LND (pLND; n=20) and PET/CT prior to secondary LND (sLND; n=14). Accuracy of PET and CT were analysed separately for staging of the following 71 lymph node (LN) regions: pelvic left (n=30), pelvic right (n=31), presacral (n=3), and para-aortic (n=7). Postoperative histopathology was taken as a reference standard. Thirty-seven of 71 (52%) regions showed LN metastases on histopathology. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detection of LN metastases were 84%, 82%, 84%, and 82% for PET criteria and 65%, 76%, 75%, and 67% for CT criteria. PET was more accurate for nodal staging compared with CT both at pLND (88% vs 75%) and sLND (77% vs 65%). Overall, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT provides accurate nodal staging prior to pLND and sLND for PCa. PATIENT Summary68Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/computed tomography is accurate in detecting tumour spread to lymph nodes before patients undergo surgery for prostate cancer.Copyright © 2016 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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