• J Affect Disord · Jan 2021

    Structural and functional alterations in untreated patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder experiencing first depressive episode: A magnetic resonance imaging study combined with follow-up.

    • Xiaowei Jiang, Xinrui Wang, Linna Jia, Ting Sun, Jiahui Kang, Yifang Zhou, Shengnan Wei, Feng Wu, Lingtao Kong, Fei Wang, and Yanqing Tang.
    • Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China.
    • J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 15; 279: 324-333.

    BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could assist in identifying objective biomarkers and follow-up study could effectively improve subjective diagnostic accuracy. By combining MRI with follow-up, this study aims to determine the shared and distinct alterations between major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).MethodsUntreated patients with MDD experiencing the first episode were subjected to MRI and subsequent follow-up. Fifteen patients with mania or hypomania were regrouped into BD group. Twenty patients were still grouped as MDD after an average of 37.95 months follow-up. Thirty healthy controls (HCs) were recruited to match the patients. Gray matter volume (GMV) and amygdala-seed functional connectivity (FC) in the whole brain were detected and compared among the three groups.ResultsGMV analysis revealed that the MDD and BD groups presented reduced GMV predominantly in the parietal, occipital, and frontal regions in the bilateral cerebrum compared with the HCs. The BD group had reduced GMV predominantly in the parietal, temporal, insular regions and the Rolandic operculum in the right-side cerebrum compared with MDD and HC groups. FC analysis revealed that the MDD and BD patients displayed increased FC values mainly in the bilateral parietal, and left occipital regions. Only the BD group displayed increased FC values in the temporal, occipital, parietal and limbic regions in the right-side cerebrum relative to HCs.LimitationsThe main limitation is the relatively small sample size.ConclusionsAlterations in the cortical regions and cortico-limbic neural system may provide the scientific basis for differential diagnosis in affective disorders.Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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