• Ling Zhu, Yuanhua Yang, Yafeng Wu, Zhenguo Zhai, and Chen Wang.
• Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
• Int. J. Cardiol. 2008 Jun 23; 127 (1): 40-5.

BackgroundAcute pulmonary embolism (APE) patients with right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) have a worse prognosis. We assessed RVD, deciding the indexes correlating best with prognosis.MethodsThe prospective multi-center study included 520 consecutive APE patients from 41 collaborating hospitals in China, between June 2002 and November 2004. RVD was diagnosed in the presence of at least 2 of the following: right ventricular (RV) dilatation, loss of inspiratory collapse of inferior vena cava (IVC), right ventricular hypokinesis, tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity >2.8 m/s.ResultsMean age was 57.4+/-14.1 years and 323 patients (62.1%) were male. The 14-day mortality in normotensive patients with RVD was higher (2.0% vs 0.4%, p<0.01) than without RVD. RVD was associated with adverse 14-day outcomes (OR 5.23, 95% CI, 2.44-11.23) and the combination of RV dilation and IVC broadening was more valuable than the combination of RV dilation and RV hypokinesis (p<0.01). A multiple logistic regression model implied that RVD, right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio (RVED/LVED) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) be independent predictors of adverse 14-day clinical outcomes (p<0.01). ROC curve showed that the best cut-off values of RVED/LVED and SPAP were 0.67 and 60 mm Hg, respectively. Hemodynamic instability, 14-day clinical outcome, and SPAP were independent harbingers for 3-month outcomes (p<0.01).ConclusionsRVD was a discriminator for a poor prognosis in normotensive patients. Early detection of RVD (especially combination of RV dilation and IVC broadening, RVED/LVED>0.67 and/or SPAP>60 mm Hg) was beneficial for identifying high-risk patients. Hemodynamic instability, 14-day clinical outcomes, and SPAP independently predicted 3-month clinical outcomes.

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