• J M O'Brien, C D Adair, D F Lewis, D R Hall, E A Defranco, S Fusey, P Soma-Pillay, K Porter, H How, R Schackis, D Eller, Y Trivedi, G Vanburen, M Khandelwal, K Trofatter, D Vidyadhari, J Vijayaraghavan, J Weeks, B Dattel, E Newton, C Chazotte, G Valenzuela, P Calda, M Bsharat, and G W Creasy.
• Perinatal Diagnostic Center, Central Baptist Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. jobrien@bhsi.com
• Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Oct 1; 30 (5): 687-96.

ObjectivePreterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Treatment of preterm labor with tocolysis has not been successful in improving infant outcome. The administration of progesterone and related compounds has been proposed as a strategy to prevent preterm birth. The objective of this trial was to determine whether prophylactic administration of vaginal progesterone reduces the risk of preterm birth in women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth.MethodsThis randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled, multinational trial enrolled and randomized 659 pregnant women with a history of spontaneous preterm birth. Between 18 + 0 and 22 + 6 weeks of gestation, patients were assigned randomly to once-daily treatment with either progesterone vaginal gel or placebo until either delivery, 37 weeks' gestation or development of preterm rupture of membranes. The primary outcome was preterm birth at ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar in the two treatment groups. Progesterone did not decrease the frequency of preterm birth at ConclusionProphylactic treatment with vaginal progesterone did not reduce the frequency of recurrent preterm birth (Copyright (c) 2007 ISUOG

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