• Barbara A Santevecchi, Tiffeny T Smith, and Shawn H MacVane.
• Department of Pharmacy Services, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Medical University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: Barbara.Santevecchi@carolinashealthcare.org.
• Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2018 Apr 1; 51 (4): 629-635.

BackgroundCeftazidime/avibactam is a newly approved β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination with activity against antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative organisms, including many carbapenem-resistant strains. Although this agent may offer a promising treatment option for serious infections with limited alternatives available, clinical experience with ceftazidime/avibactam in treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms other than Klebsiella pneumoniae is limited.MethodsA retrospective case series was performed to evaluate patients treated with ceftazidime/avibactam for infections caused by organisms other than K. pneumoniae at our institution over a 1-year period. Patients aged at least 18 years who received at least one dose of ceftazidime/avibactam were eligible for inclusion. Clinical and microbiological data were collected, and investigators assessed adverse effects, microbiological cure, clinical success, and 30-day in-hospital mortality following completion of ceftazidime/avibactam therapy.ResultsTen patients were included. The most common index infection was pneumonia (n = 6/13, 46%) and the most frequently isolated organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 8/21, 38%). Fifty percent of patients received ceftazidime/avibactam as monotherapy. Microbiological cure was achieved in 67% (n = 6/9) of patients and 70% (n = 7/10) of patients met criteria for clinical success. The 30-day in-hospital mortality rate was 30%. No patients experienced adverse events because of ceftazidime/avibactam therapy.ConclusionsFor infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative organisms other than K. pneumoniae, clinical and microbiological success rates for patients treated with ceftazidime/avibactam were similar to those that have been reported for K. pneumoniae. Ceftazidime/avibactam appears to be a promising treatment option for infections caused by a variety of resistant Gram-negative organisms when limited alternatives exist.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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