• Mult. Scler. · Oct 2013

    Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and vitamin D in prospective multiple sclerosis biobank samples.

    • Jonatan Salzer, Maria Nyström, Göran Hallmans, Hans Stenlund, Göran Wadell, and Peter Sundström.
    • Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Neurology at Umeå University, Sweden.
    • Mult. Scler. 2013 Oct 1; 19 (12): 1587-91.

    BackgroundThe antibody reactivity against Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status have been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Interaction between these two factors has been proposed.ObjectivesThe objective of this paper is to examine the association between antibody reactivity against EBNA-1 and five EBNA-1 domains, and the risk of MS, and to examine if these antibodies and 25(OH)D status interact regarding MS risk in prospectively collected blood samples.MethodsAntibody reactivity and 25(OH)D levels were measured using ELISAs in n = 192 MS cases and n = 384 matched controls. The risk of MS was analysed using matched logistic regression. Interaction on the additive scale was assessed.ResultsThe risk of MS increased across tertiles of antibody reactivity against EBNA-1, domain EBNA-1(402-502), and domain EBNA-1(385-420); p trends < 0.001. In young individuals (below median age at sampling, < 26.4 years), these associations were stronger, and 25(OH)D levels correlated inversely to antibody reactivity against EBNA-1 and the EBNA-1 domains. No statistical interaction was found.ConclusionsWe confirm that increased antibody reactivity against EBNA-1 is a risk factor of MS. 25(OH)D status might influence the immune response towards Epstein-Barr virus in young subjects, and thereby modulate MS risk.

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