• Abdallah Fayssoil, Pauline Michel-Flutot, Frédéric Lofaso, Robert Carlier, Mostafa El Hajjam, Stéphane Vinit, and Arnaud Mansart.
• University of Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM U1179, END-ICAP, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; Raymond Poincaré Hospital, APHP, Garches, France.
• Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2021 Mar 1; 285: 103596.

AbstractUltrasound imaging is a non-invasive technique to assess organ function. Its potential application in rodents to evaluate respiratory function remains poorly investigated. We aimed to assess and validate ultrasound technique in rats to analyze inspiratory and expiratory muscles. We measured respiratory parameters to provide normal eupneic values. Histological studies and plethysmography were used to validate the technique and assess the physiological implications. A linear relationship was observed between ultrasound and histological data for diaphragm and rectus abdominis (RA) measurement. The tidal volume was significantly correlated with the right + left RA area (r = 0.76, p < 0.001), and the rapid shallow breathing index was significantly and inversely correlated with the right + left RA area (r=-0.53, p < 0.05). In the supine position, the right and left diaphragm expiratory thickness were not associated with tidal volume obtained in the physiological position. Ultrasound imaging is highly accurate and reproducible to assess and follow up diaphragm and RA structure and function in rats.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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