• Andrew R Mayer, Daniel M Cohen, Christopher J Wertz, Andrew B Dodd, Jody Shoemaker, Charles Pluto, Nicholas A Zumberge, Grace Park, Barbara A Bangert, Cindy Lin, Nori M Minich, Ann M Bacevice, Erin D Bigler, Richard A Campbell, Faith M Hanlon, Timothy B Meier, Scott J Oglesbee, John P Phillips, Amy Pottenger, Nicholas A Shaff, H Gerry Taylor, Ronald A Yeo, Kristy B Arbogast, John J Leddy, Christina L Master, Rebekah Mannix, Roger L Zemek, and Keith Owen Yeates.
• From The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (A.R.M., C.J.W., A.B.D., J.S., F.M.H., J.P.P., N.A.S.); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (A.R.M.), Psychology (A.R.M., R.A.C., R.A.Y.), and Neurology (A.R.M., J.P.P.), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque; Department of Pediatrics (D.M.C., H.G.T.), The Ohio State University, Columbus; Division of Emergency Medicine (D.M.C.) and Department of Radiology (N.A.Z.), Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH; Radiology Associates of Albuquerque (C.P.); Emergency Medicine (G.P., S.J.O., A.P.), University of New Mexico Hospital, Albuquerque; Department of Radiology (B.A.B.), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH; The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital (C.L.), Columbus, OH; Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital (N.M.M., A.M.B.), Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Department of Psychology (E.D.B.), Brigham Young University, Provo, UT; Departments of Neurosurgery (T.B.M.), Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy (T.B.M.), and Biomedical Engineering (T.B.M.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Center for Injury Research and Prevention (K.B.A., C.L.M.) and Division of Orthopedic Surgery (C.L.M.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Department of Pediatrics (K.B.A., C.L.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UBMD Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine (J.J.L.), Jacobs School of Medicine, University at Buffalo, NY; Division of Emergency Medicine (R.M.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine (R.L.Z.), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa; and Department of Psychology (K.O.Y.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (K.O.Y.), and Hotchkiss Brain Institute (K.O.Y.), University of Calgary, Canada. amayer@mrn.org.
• Neurology. 2020 Jan 21; 94 (3): e241-e253.

ObjectiveThe nosology for classifying structural MRI findings following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) remains actively debated. Radiologic common data elements (rCDE) were developed to standardize reporting in research settings. However, some rCDE are more specific to trauma (probable rCDE). Other more recently proposed rCDE have multiple etiologies (possible rCDE), and may therefore be more common in all children. Independent cohorts of patients with pmTBI and controls were therefore recruited from multiple sites (New Mexico and Ohio) to test the dual hypothesis of a higher incidence of probable rCDE (pmTBI > controls) vs similar rates of possible rCDE on structural MRI.MethodsPatients with subacute pmTBI (n = 287), matched healthy controls (HC; n = 106), and orthopedically injured (OI; n = 71) patients underwent imaging approximately 1 week postinjury and were followed for 3-4 months.ResultsProbable rCDE were specific to pmTBI, occurring in 4%-5% of each sample, rates consistent with previous large-scale CT studies. In contrast, prevalence rates for incidental findings and possible rCDE were similar across groups (pmTBI vs OI vs HC). The prevalence of possible rCDE was also the only finding that varied as a function of site. Possible rCDE and incidental findings were not associated with postconcussive symptomatology or quality of life 3-4 months postinjury.ConclusionCollectively, current findings question the trauma-related specificity of certain rCDE, as well how these rCDE are radiologically interpreted. Refinement of rCDE in the context of pmTBI may be warranted, especially as diagnostic schema are evolving to stratify patients with structural MRI abnormalities as having a moderate injury.© 2019 American Academy of Neurology.

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