• Kristina Mikkonen, Tapio Ojala, Tuulikki Sjögren, Arja Piirainen, Camilla Koskinen, Monika Koskinen, Meeri Koivula, Marjorita Sormunen, Terhi Saaranen, Leena Salminen, Minna Koskimäki, Heidi Ruotsalainen, Marja-Leena Lähteenmäki, Outi Wallin, Hanne Mäki-Hakola, and Maria Kääriäinen.
• Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Electronic address: kristina.mikkonen@oulu.fi.
• Nurse Educ Today. 2018 Nov 1; 70: 77-86.

BackgroundIn the face of rapid digitalisation and ever-higher educational requirements for healthcare professionals, it is important that health science teachers possess the relevant core competences. The education of health science teachers varies internationally and there is no consensus about the minimum qualifications and experience they require.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to describe the health science teachers' competences and the factors related to it.DesignSystematic review of original quantitative studies.Data SourcesFour databases were selected from which to retrieve original studies: Cinahl (Ebsco), PubMed, Medic, Eri (ProQuest).Review MethodsThe systematic review used PICOS inclusion criteria. Original peer-reviewed quantitative studies published between 1/2007 and 1/2018 were identified. Screening was conducted by two researchers separately reading the 1885 titles, 600 abstracts, and 63 full-texts that were identified, and then agreed between them. Critical appraisal was performed using the JBI MAStARI evaluation tool. The data was extracted and then analysed narratively.ResultsThe core competences of health science teachers include areas of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Health science teachers evaluate their own competence as high. Only in relation to entrepreneurship and leadership knowledge was evaluated to be average. The most common factors influencing competence were teachers' title/position, healthcare experience, research activities, age, academic degree and for which type of organisation they work.ConclusionIt is important to identify the core competencies required by health science teachers in order to train highly competent healthcare professionals. Based on the findings of this systematic review we suggest that teachers should be encouraged to gain university education and actively participate in research, and that younger teachers should have opportunities to practice the relevant teaching skills to build competence.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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